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Windows Persistence - Binary replacing

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15
Methodology and Resources/Cloud - Azure Pentest.md
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@ -177,6 +177,8 @@ Found Container - hrsecure.blob.core.windows.net/NETSPItest
> By default it is possible to query almost all the information about the directory as authenticated user, even when the Azure portal is restricted, using Azure AD Graph.
Check if the compagny is using Azure AD with `https://login.microsoftonline.com/getuserrealm.srf?login=username@target.onmicrosoft.com&xml=1`.
```powershell
$ git clone https://github.com/dirkjanm/ROADtools
$ pip install roadrecon
@ -290,6 +292,8 @@ With Microsoft, if you are using any cloud services (Office 365, Exchange Online
## Azure AD - Password Spray
> Default lockout policy of 10 failed attempts, locking out an account for 60 seconds
```powershell
git clone https://github.com/dafthack/MSOLSpray
Import-Module .\MSOLSpray.ps1
@ -357,7 +361,11 @@ Prerequisite:
* Compromise a server with Azure AD Connect service
* Access to ADSyncAdmins or local Administrators groups
Use the script **azuread_decrypt_msol.ps1** from @xpn : https://gist.github.com/xpn/0dc393e944d8733e3c63023968583545#file-azuread_decrypt_msol-ps1 to recover the decrypted password for the MSOL account
Use the script **azuread_decrypt_msol.ps1** from @xpn to recover the decrypted password for the MSOL account:
* `azuread_decrypt_msol.ps1`: AD Connect Sync Credential Extract POC https://gist.github.com/xpn/0dc393e944d8733e3c63023968583545
* `azuread_decrypt_msol_v2.ps1`: Updated method of dumping the MSOL service account (which allows a DCSync) used by Azure AD Connect Sync https://gist.github.com/xpn/f12b145dba16c2eebdd1c6829267b90c
Now you can use the retrieved credentials for the MSOL Account to launch a DCSync attack.
## Azure AD Connect - Seamless Single Sign On Silver Ticket
@ -455,6 +463,7 @@ NOTE: By default, O365 has a lockout policy of 10 tries, and it will lock out an
https://fws.domain.com/o365/visfed/intrdomain/se/?username=firstname.lastname%40domain.com&wa=wsignin1.0&wtrealm=urn%3afederation%3aMicrosoftOnline&wctx=
</AuthURL>
```
* Validate email : https://github.com/LMGsec/o365creeper `o365creeper.py -f emails.txt -o validemails.txt`
* Extract email lists with a valid credentials : https://github.com/nyxgeek/o365recon
@ -473,4 +482,6 @@ NOTE: By default, O365 has a lockout policy of 10 tries, and it will lock out an
* [Azure Privilege Escalation Using Managed Identities - Karl Fosaaen - February 20th, 2020](https://blog.netspi.com/azure-privilege-escalation-using-managed-identities/)
* [Hunting Azure Admins for Vertical Escalation - LEE KAGAN - MARCH 13, 2020](https://www.lares.com/hunting-azure-admins-for-vertical-escalation/)
* [Introducing ROADtools - The Azure AD exploration framework - Dirk-jan Mollema](https://dirkjanm.io/introducing-roadtools-and-roadrecon-azure-ad-exploration-framework/)
* [Moving laterally between Azure AD joined machines - Tal Maor - Mar 17, 2020](https://medium.com/@talthemaor/moving-laterally-between-azure-ad-joined-machines-ed1f8871da56)
* [Moving laterally between Azure AD joined machines - Tal Maor - Mar 17, 2020](https://medium.com/@talthemaor/moving-laterally-between-azure-ad-joined-machines-ed1f8871da56)
* [AZURE AD INTRODUCTION FOR RED TEAMERS - Written by Aymeric Palhière (bak) - 2020-04-20](https://www.synacktiv.com/posts/pentest/azure-ad-introduction-for-red-teamers.html)
* [Impersonating Office 365 Users With Mimikatz - January 15, 2017 - Michael Grafnetter](https://www.dsinternals.com/en/impersonating-office-365-users-mimikatz/)

29
Methodology and Resources/Windows - Persistence.md
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@ -16,7 +16,12 @@
* [HKLM](#hklm)
* [Services](#services)
* [Scheduled Task](#scheduled-task)
* [Binary Replacement](#binary-replacement)
* [Binary Replacement on Windows XP+](#binary-replacement-on-windows-xp)
* [Binary Replacement on Windows 10+](#binary-replacement-on-windows-10)
* [RDP Backdoor](#rdp-backdoor)
* [utilman.exe](#utilman.exe)
* [sethc.exe](#sethc.exe)
* [Skeleton Key](#skeleton-key)
* [References](#references)
@ -157,6 +162,27 @@ PS C:\> $D = New-ScheduledTask -Action $A -Trigger $T -Principal $P -Settings $S
PS C:\> Register-ScheduledTask Backdoor -InputObject $D
```
### Binary Replacement
#### Binary Replacement on Windows XP+
| Feature | Executable |
|---------------------|---------------------------------------|
| Sticky Keys | C:\Windows\System32\sethc.exe |
| Accessibility Menu | C:\Windows\System32\utilman.exe |
| On-Screen Keyboard | C:\Windows\System32\osk.exe |
| Magnifier | C:\Windows\System32\Magnify.exe |
| Narrator | C:\Windows\System32\Narrator.exe |
| Display Switcher | C:\Windows\System32\DisplaySwitch.exe |
| App Switcher | C:\Windows\System32\AtBroker.exe |
#### Binary Replacement on Windows 10+
Exploit a DLL hijacking vulnerability in the On-Screen Keyboard **osk.exe** executable.
Create a malicious **HID.dll** in `C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\ink\HID.dll`.
### RDP Backdoor
#### utilman.exe
@ -190,4 +216,5 @@ Enter-PSSession -ComputerName <AnyMachineYouLike> -Credential <Domain>\Administr
* [A view of persistence - Rastamouse](https://rastamouse.me/2018/03/a-view-of-persistence/)
* [Windows Persistence Commands - Pwn Wiki](http://pwnwiki.io/#!persistence/windows/index.md)
* [SharPersist Windows Persistence Toolkit in C - Brett Hawkins](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K7o9RSVyazo)
* [](https://www.mdsec.co.uk/2020/02/iis-raid-backdooring-iis-using-native-modules/)
* [IIS Raid – Backdooring IIS Using Native Modules - 19/02/2020](https://www.mdsec.co.uk/2020/02/iis-raid-backdooring-iis-using-native-modules/)
* [Old Tricks Are Always Useful: Exploiting Arbitrary File Writes with Accessibility Tools - Apr 27, 2020 - @phraaaaaaa](https://iwantmore.pizza/posts/arbitrary-write-accessibility-tools.html)