# COVID-19 - Cyber Threat Intelligence

These _indicators_ were reported, collected, and generated during the [VulDB CTI analysis](https://vuldb.com/?kb.cti) of the campaign known as _COVID-19_. The _activity monitoring_ correlates data from social media, forums, chat rooms, and darknet markets. It helps to determine associated actors, specific activities, expected intentions, emerging research, and ongoing attacks. Our unique _predictive model_ uses _big data_ to forecast activities and their characteristics.

_Live data_ and more _analysis capabilities_ are available at [https://vuldb.com/?actor](https://vuldb.com/?actor)

## Countries

These _countries_ are directly (e.g. origin of attacks) or indirectly (e.g. access by proxy) associated with COVID-19:

* [VN](https://vuldb.com/?country.vn)
* [CN](https://vuldb.com/?country.cn)
* [US](https://vuldb.com/?country.us)
* ...

There are 4 more country items available. Please use our online service to access the data.

## Actors

These _actors_ are associated with COVID-19 or other actors linked to the campaign.

ID | Actor | Confidence
-- | ----- | ----------
1 | [APT29](https://vuldb.com/?actor.apt29) | High
2 | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
3 | [Vicious Panda](https://vuldb.com/?actor.vicious_panda) | High
4 | ... | ...

There are 1 more actor items available. Please use our online service to access the data.

## IOC - Indicator of Compromise

These _indicators of compromise_ (IOC) indicate associated network resources which are known to be part of research and attack activities of COVID-19.

ID | IP address | Hostname | Actor | Confidence
-- | ---------- | -------- | ----- | ----------
1 | [2.47.112.152](https://vuldb.com/?ip.2.47.112.152) | net-2-47-112-152.cust.vodafonedsl.it | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
2 | [2.56.214.178](https://vuldb.com/?ip.2.56.214.178) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
3 | [5.75.75.75](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.75.75.75) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
4 | [5.101.0.209](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.101.0.209) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
5 | [5.157.87.204](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.157.87.204) | redirect.yourhosting.nl | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
6 | [5.181.156.14](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.181.156.14) | no-rdns.mivocloud.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
7 | [5.182.210.2](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.182.210.2) | server30.flaunt7.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
8 | [5.182.210.84](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.182.210.84) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
9 | [5.188.60.131](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.188.60.131) | sk.s5.ans1.ns148.ztomy.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
10 | [5.189.132.254](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.189.132.254) | vmi429632.contaboserver.net | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
11 | [5.255.96.187](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.255.96.187) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
12 | [8.208.15.85](https://vuldb.com/?ip.8.208.15.85) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
13 | [8.208.78.192](https://vuldb.com/?ip.8.208.78.192) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
14 | [8.209.69.101](https://vuldb.com/?ip.8.209.69.101) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
15 | [8.209.70.110](https://vuldb.com/?ip.8.209.70.110) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
16 | [8.250.169.254](https://vuldb.com/?ip.8.250.169.254) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
17 | [8.250.183.254](https://vuldb.com/?ip.8.250.183.254) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
18 | [8.251.5.254](https://vuldb.com/?ip.8.251.5.254) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
19 | [8.251.15.254](https://vuldb.com/?ip.8.251.15.254) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
20 | [8.251.31.254](https://vuldb.com/?ip.8.251.31.254) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
21 | [12.162.84.2](https://vuldb.com/?ip.12.162.84.2) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
22 | [14.161.6.60](https://vuldb.com/?ip.14.161.6.60) | static.vnpt.vn | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
23 | [23.19.227.235](https://vuldb.com/?ip.23.19.227.235) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
24 | [23.227.38.64](https://vuldb.com/?ip.23.227.38.64) | shops.myshopify.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
25 | [23.254.215.229](https://vuldb.com/?ip.23.254.215.229) | hwsrv-869108.hostwindsdns.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
26 | [24.94.237.248](https://vuldb.com/?ip.24.94.237.248) | cpe-24-94-237-248.sw.res.rr.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
27 | [24.196.13.216](https://vuldb.com/?ip.24.196.13.216) | 024-196-013-216.res.spectrum.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
28 | [24.247.182.167](https://vuldb.com/?ip.24.247.182.167) | 024-247-182-167.res.spectrum.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
29 | [24.247.182.240](https://vuldb.com/?ip.24.247.182.240) | 024-247-182-240.res.spectrum.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
30 | [31.31.77.83](https://vuldb.com/?ip.31.31.77.83) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
31 | [31.146.61.34](https://vuldb.com/?ip.31.146.61.34) | 31-146-61-34.dsl.utg.ge | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
32 | [31.202.128.80](https://vuldb.com/?ip.31.202.128.80) | 31-202-128-80-kh.maxnet.ua | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
33 | [35.242.251.130](https://vuldb.com/?ip.35.242.251.130) | 130.251.242.35.bc.googleusercontent.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | Medium
34 | [37.1.209.51](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.1.209.51) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
35 | [37.1.212.70](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.1.212.70) | surprisefoun.reveltip.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
36 | [37.1.221.65](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.1.221.65) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
37 | [37.49.226.13](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.49.226.13) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
38 | [37.49.226.21](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.49.226.21) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
39 | [37.49.226.142](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.49.226.142) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
40 | [37.49.226.182](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.49.226.182) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
41 | [37.70.131.107](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.70.131.107) | 107.131.70.37.rev.sfr.net | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
42 | [37.152.88.55](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.152.88.55) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
43 | [37.208.106.146](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.208.106.146) | mail.joerrens.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
44 | [38.132.124.233](https://vuldb.com/?ip.38.132.124.233) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
45 | [41.60.200.34](https://vuldb.com/?ip.41.60.200.34) | 41.60.200.34.liquidtelecom.net | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
46 | [41.185.29.128](https://vuldb.com/?ip.41.185.29.128) | abp79-nix01.wadns.net | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
47 | [41.221.164.77](https://vuldb.com/?ip.41.221.164.77) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
48 | [42.51.192.231](https://vuldb.com/?ip.42.51.192.231) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
49 | [45.55.49.33](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.55.49.33) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
50 | [45.55.179.121](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.55.179.121) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
51 | [45.56.64.36](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.56.64.36) | li914-36.members.linode.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
52 | [45.76.218.232](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.76.218.232) | 45.76.218.232.vultrusercontent.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
53 | [45.81.226.17](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.81.226.17) | vm3471381.43ssd.had.wf | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
54 | [45.95.168.85](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.95.168.85) | maxko-hosting.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
55 | [45.95.168.98](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.95.168.98) | maxko-hosting.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
56 | [45.118.136.92](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.118.136.92) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
57 | [45.123.190.167](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.123.190.167) | - | [APT29](https://vuldb.com/?actor.apt29) | High
58 | [45.128.132.55](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.128.132.55) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
59 | [45.128.134.14](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.128.134.14) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
60 | [45.128.134.20](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.128.134.20) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
61 | [45.129.229.48](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.129.229.48) | - | [APT29](https://vuldb.com/?actor.apt29) | High
62 | [45.138.72.143](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.138.72.143) | uziel.example.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
63 | [45.138.72.155](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.138.72.155) | sp200177.example.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
64 | [45.142.212.126](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.142.212.126) | ivan.temporary | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
65 | [45.142.212.192](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.142.212.192) | blackswan95.example1.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
66 | [45.142.212.209](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.142.212.209) | augenweide.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
67 | [45.142.213.59](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.142.213.59) | vm423520.stark-industries.solutions | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
68 | [45.143.138.47](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.143.138.47) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
69 | [45.148.120.13](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.148.120.13) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
70 | [45.148.120.153](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.148.120.153) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
71 | [45.153.40.105](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.153.40.105) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
72 | [45.153.184.67](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.153.184.67) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
73 | [45.161.242.102](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.161.242.102) | 45-161-242-102.megalink.com.br | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
74 | [46.4.157.37](https://vuldb.com/?ip.46.4.157.37) | static.37.157.4.46.clients.your-server.de | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
75 | [46.17.6.116](https://vuldb.com/?ip.46.17.6.116) | 116-6-17-46.static.fxw.nl | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
76 | [46.17.107.65](https://vuldb.com/?ip.46.17.107.65) | ulasiuk21.example.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
77 | [46.19.143.155](https://vuldb.com/?ip.46.19.143.155) | growthinside.net | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
78 | [46.20.1.226](https://vuldb.com/?ip.46.20.1.226) | ns1.ceyhunsezer.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
79 | [46.28.111.142](https://vuldb.com/?ip.46.28.111.142) | enkindu.jsuchy.net | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
80 | [46.101.202.66](https://vuldb.com/?ip.46.101.202.66) | grafana.jagu.dev | [Transparent Tribe](https://vuldb.com/?actor.transparent_tribe) | High
81 | [46.105.131.87](https://vuldb.com/?ip.46.105.131.87) | pop.adven.fr | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
82 | [46.166.187.223](https://vuldb.com/?ip.46.166.187.223) | . | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
83 | [46.214.11.172](https://vuldb.com/?ip.46.214.11.172) | 46-214-11-172.next-gen.ro | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
84 | [47.150.248.161](https://vuldb.com/?ip.47.150.248.161) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
85 | [50.28.51.143](https://vuldb.com/?ip.50.28.51.143) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
86 | [50.87.253.50](https://vuldb.com/?ip.50.87.253.50) | box2161.bluehost.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
87 | [50.116.78.109](https://vuldb.com/?ip.50.116.78.109) | intersearchmedia.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
88 | [51.38.93.190](https://vuldb.com/?ip.51.38.93.190) | ip190.ip-51-38-93.eu | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
89 | [51.79.129.4](https://vuldb.com/?ip.51.79.129.4) | ip4.ip-51-79-129.net | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
90 | [51.89.73.158](https://vuldb.com/?ip.51.89.73.158) | ip158.ip-51-89-73.eu | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
91 | [51.159.23.217](https://vuldb.com/?ip.51.159.23.217) | jambold.co.uk | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
92 | [51.254.164.244](https://vuldb.com/?ip.51.254.164.244) | y9gs.gaurented.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
93 | [51.254.164.245](https://vuldb.com/?ip.51.254.164.245) | ip245.ip-51-254-164.eu | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
94 | [54.39.139.67](https://vuldb.com/?ip.54.39.139.67) | ip67.ip-54-39-139.net | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
95 | [58.171.38.26](https://vuldb.com/?ip.58.171.38.26) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
96 | [58.177.172.160](https://vuldb.com/?ip.58.177.172.160) | 058177172160.ctinets.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
97 | [59.20.65.102](https://vuldb.com/?ip.59.20.65.102) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
98 | [59.120.5.154](https://vuldb.com/?ip.59.120.5.154) | 59-120-5-154.hinet-ip.hinet.net | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
99 | [60.130.173.117](https://vuldb.com/?ip.60.130.173.117) | softbank060130173117.bbtec.net | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
100 | [60.250.78.22](https://vuldb.com/?ip.60.250.78.22) | 60-250-78-22.hinet-ip.hinet.net | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
101 | [61.92.159.208](https://vuldb.com/?ip.61.92.159.208) | 061092159208.ctinets.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
102 | [63.142.252.21](https://vuldb.com/?ip.63.142.252.21) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
103 | [63.250.38.195](https://vuldb.com/?ip.63.250.38.195) | business61-5.web-hosting.com | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
104 | [63.250.38.240](https://vuldb.com/?ip.63.250.38.240) | anakmas.org | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
105 | [63.250.47.83](https://vuldb.com/?ip.63.250.47.83) | - | [Unknown](https://vuldb.com/?actor.unknown) | High
106 | ... | ... | ... | ...

There are 421 more IOC items available. Please use our online service to access the data.

## TTP - Tactics, Techniques, Procedures

_Tactics, techniques, and procedures_ (TTP) summarize the suspected MITRE ATT&CK techniques used within COVID-19. This data is unique as it uses our predictive model for actor profiling.

ID | Technique | Weakness | Description | Confidence
-- | --------- | -------- | ----------- | ----------
1 | T1006 | CWE-21, CWE-22, CWE-23 | Path Traversal | High
2 | T1040 | CWE-319 | Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay | High
3 | T1055 | CWE-74 | Injection | High
4 | T1059 | CWE-94, CWE-1321 | Argument Injection | High
5 | T1059.007 | CWE-79, CWE-80 | Cross Site Scripting | High
6 | ... | ... | ... | ...

There are 20 more TTP items available. Please use our online service to access the data.

## IOA - Indicator of Attack

These _indicators of attack_ (IOA) list the potential fragments used for technical activities like reconnaissance, exploitation, privilege escalation, and exfiltration during COVID-19. This data is unique as it uses our predictive model for actor profiling.

ID | Type | Indicator | Confidence
-- | ---- | --------- | ----------
1 | File | `/.env` | Low
2 | File | `/admin/action/new-father.php` | High
3 | File | `/admin/edit_teacher.php` | High
4 | File | `/admin/fields/manage_field.php` | High
5 | File | `/admin_ping.htm` | High
6 | File | `/admin_route/dec_service_credits.php` | High
7 | File | `/admin_route/inc_service_credits.php` | High
8 | File | `/app/api/controller/default/Sqlite.php` | High
9 | File | `/application/index/controller/Databasesource.php` | High
10 | File | `/application/index/controller/File.php` | High
11 | File | `/application/index/controller/Icon.php` | High
12 | File | `/application/index/controller/Screen.php` | High
13 | File | `/application/index/controller/Unity.php` | High
14 | File | `/application/plugins/controller/Upload.php` | High
15 | File | `/application/websocket/controller/Setting.php` | High
16 | File | `/arch/x86/mm/cpu_entry_area.c` | High
17 | File | `/bin/boa` | Medium
18 | File | `/boafrm/formMapDelDevice` | High
19 | File | `/bsms_ci/index.php/user/edit_user/` | High
20 | File | `/cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi` | High
21 | File | `/cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi?action=login` | High
22 | File | `/cgi-bin/koha/catalogue/search.pl` | High
23 | File | `/cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi` | High
24 | File | `/cgi-bin/wlogin.cgi` | High
25 | File | `/core/redirect` | High
26 | File | `/debug/pprof` | Medium
27 | File | `/DXR.axd` | Medium
28 | File | `/ECT_Provider/` | High
29 | File | `/etc/passwd` | Medium
30 | File | `/fax/fax_send.php` | High
31 | File | `/forum/away.php` | High
32 | File | `/general/attendance/manage/ask_duty/delete.php` | High
33 | File | `/general/email/outbox/delete.php` | High
34 | File | `/goform/WifiMacFilterGet` | High
35 | File | `/goform/wifiSSIDset` | High
36 | File | `/h/autoSaveDraft` | High
37 | File | `/index.php?app=main&func=passport&action=login` | High
38 | File | `/nagiosxi/admin/banner_message-ajaxhelper.php` | High
39 | File | `/novel/bookSetting/list` | High
40 | File | `/novel/userFeedback/list` | High
41 | ... | ... | ...

There are 354 more IOA items available (file, library, argument, input value, pattern, network port). Please use our online service to access the data.

## References

The following list contains _external sources_ which discuss the campaign and the associated activities:

* https://github.com/blackorbird/APT_REPORT/blob/master/International%20Strategic/Russia/Advisory-APT29-targets-COVID-19-vaccine-development.pdf
* https://lab52.io/blog/new-transparentribe-operation-targeting-india-with-weaponized-covid-19-lure-documents/
* https://loreto.ccn-cert.cni.es/index.php/s/oDcNr5Jqqpd5cjn#editor
* https://research.checkpoint.com/2020/vicious-panda-the-covid-campaign/
* https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-225a

## Literature

The following _articles_ explain our unique predictive cyber threat intelligence:

* [VulDB Cyber Threat Intelligence Documentation](https://vuldb.com/?kb.cti)
* [Cyber Threat Intelligence - Early Anticipation of Attacks](https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20201022)

## License

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