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cyber_threat_intelligence/actors/Gamaredon/README.md

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# Gamaredon - Cyber Threat Intelligence
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These _indicators_ were reported, collected, and generated during the [VulDB CTI analysis](https://vuldb.com/?kb.cti) of the actor known as [Gamaredon](https://vuldb.com/?actor.gamaredon). The _activity monitoring_ correlates data from social media, forums, chat rooms, and darknet markets. It helps to determine associated actors, specific activities, expected intentions, emerging research, and ongoing attacks. Our unique _predictive model_ uses _big data_ to forecast activities and their characteristics.
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_Live data_ and more _analysis capabilities_ are available at [https://vuldb.com/?actor.gamaredon](https://vuldb.com/?actor.gamaredon)
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## Campaigns
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The following _campaigns_ are known and can be associated with Gamaredon:
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* Ukraine
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## Countries
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These _countries_ are directly (e.g. origin of attacks) or indirectly (e.g. access by proxy) associated with Gamaredon:
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* [RU](https://vuldb.com/?country.ru)
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## IOC - Indicator of Compromise
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These _indicators of compromise_ (IOC) indicate associated network resources which are known to be part of research and attack activities of Gamaredon.
ID | IP address | Hostname | Campaign | Confidence
-- | ---------- | -------- | -------- | ----------
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1 | [2.59.36.194](https://vuldb.com/?ip.2.59.36.194) | - | - | High
2 | [2.59.41.5](https://vuldb.com/?ip.2.59.41.5) | vds-sizaus.timeweb.ru | - | High
3 | [5.63.152.233](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.63.152.233) | 5-63-152-233.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
4 | [5.63.154.19](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.63.154.19) | 5-63-154-19.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
5 | [5.63.154.128](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.63.154.128) | 5-63-154-128.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
6 | [5.63.158.179](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.63.158.179) | 5-63-158-179.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
7 | [5.63.158.233](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.63.158.233) | 5-63-158-233.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
8 | [5.63.158.238](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.63.158.238) | 5-63-158-238.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
9 | [5.252.193.204](https://vuldb.com/?ip.5.252.193.204) | - | - | High
10 | [31.31.203.17](https://vuldb.com/?ip.31.31.203.17) | 31-31-203-17.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
11 | [31.31.203.71](https://vuldb.com/?ip.31.31.203.71) | 31-31-203-71.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
12 | [31.31.203.219](https://vuldb.com/?ip.31.31.203.219) | 31-31-203-219.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
13 | [31.40.251.145](https://vuldb.com/?ip.31.40.251.145) | - | - | High
14 | [31.40.251.171](https://vuldb.com/?ip.31.40.251.171) | - | - | High
15 | [37.77.105.102](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.77.105.102) | 701115-cm83897.tmweb.ru | Ukraine | High
16 | [37.140.195.137](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.140.195.137) | 37-140-195-137.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
17 | [37.140.197.55](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.140.197.55) | 37-140-197-55.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
18 | [37.140.197.206](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.140.197.206) | 37-140-197-206.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
19 | [37.140.199.20](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.140.199.20) | 37-140-199-20.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
20 | [37.140.199.224](https://vuldb.com/?ip.37.140.199.224) | nedvizhimostdoma.ru | - | High
21 | [45.32.149.8](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.32.149.8) | 45.32.149.8.vultr.com | - | Medium
22 | [45.134.255.131](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.134.255.131) | - | - | High
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23 | [45.135.134.139](https://vuldb.com/?ip.45.135.134.139) | ckus.site | - | High
24 | [70.34.194.31](https://vuldb.com/?ip.70.34.194.31) | 70.34.194.31.vultr.com | - | Medium
25 | [70.34.194.123](https://vuldb.com/?ip.70.34.194.123) | 70.34.194.123.vultr.com | - | Medium
26 | [70.34.195.75](https://vuldb.com/?ip.70.34.195.75) | 70.34.195.75.vultr.com | - | Medium
27 | [70.34.197.185](https://vuldb.com/?ip.70.34.197.185) | 70.34.197.185.vultr.com | - | Medium
28 | [70.34.198.226](https://vuldb.com/?ip.70.34.198.226) | 70.34.198.226.vultr.com | - | Medium
29 | [70.34.199.214](https://vuldb.com/?ip.70.34.199.214) | 70.34.199.214.vultr.com | - | Medium
30 | [70.34.202.55](https://vuldb.com/?ip.70.34.202.55) | 70.34.202.55.vultr.com | - | Medium
31 | [70.34.204.74](https://vuldb.com/?ip.70.34.204.74) | 70.34.204.74.vultr.com | - | Medium
32 | [70.34.204.141](https://vuldb.com/?ip.70.34.204.141) | 70.34.204.141.vultr.com | - | Medium
33 | [70.34.208.32](https://vuldb.com/?ip.70.34.208.32) | 70.34.208.32.vultr.com | - | Medium
34 | [78.40.219.12](https://vuldb.com/?ip.78.40.219.12) | 628153-cn06191.tmweb.ru | Ukraine | High
35 | [80.78.240.210](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.240.210) | 80-78-240-210.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
36 | [80.78.241.88](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.241.88) | 80-78-241-88.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
37 | [80.78.241.253](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.241.253) | 80-78-241-253.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
38 | [80.78.244.124](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.244.124) | 80-78-244-124.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
39 | [80.78.244.199](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.244.199) | 80-78-244-199.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
40 | [80.78.245.89](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.245.89) | mail-open-3.nascom.nasa.gov | - | High
41 | [80.78.245.223](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.245.223) | 80-78-245-223.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
42 | [80.78.245.254](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.245.254) | scraper.betty.network | - | High
43 | [80.78.248.22](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.248.22) | - | - | High
44 | [80.78.248.167](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.248.167) | hadassah.moscow | - | High
45 | [80.78.248.222](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.248.222) | 80-78-248-222.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
46 | [80.78.251.4](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.251.4) | 80-78-251-4.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
47 | [80.78.251.191](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.251.191) | 80-78-251-191.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
48 | [80.78.251.231](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.251.231) | 80-78-251-231.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
49 | [80.78.253.26](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.253.26) | 80-78-253-26.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
50 | [80.78.253.86](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.253.86) | 80-78-253-86.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
51 | [80.78.253.196](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.253.196) | 80-78-253-196.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
52 | [80.78.254.238](https://vuldb.com/?ip.80.78.254.238) | 80-78-254-238.cloudvps.regruhosting.ru | - | High
53 | [83.166.242.108](https://vuldb.com/?ip.83.166.242.108) | - | - | High
54 | [83.166.247.110](https://vuldb.com/?ip.83.166.247.110) | - | - | High
55 | [83.166.247.185](https://vuldb.com/?ip.83.166.247.185) | - | - | High
56 | ... | ... | ... | ...
There are 219 more IOC items available. Please use our online service to access the data.
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## TTP - Tactics, Techniques, Procedures
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_Tactics, techniques, and procedures_ (TTP) summarize the suspected MITRE ATT&CK techniques used by _Gamaredon_. This data is unique as it uses our predictive model for actor profiling.
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ID | Technique | Weakness | Description | Confidence
-- | --------- | -------- | ----------- | ----------
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1 | T1006 | CWE-22 | Pathname Traversal | High
2 | T1055 | CWE-74 | Injection | High
3 | T1059 | CWE-94 | Cross Site Scripting | High
4 | ... | ... | ... | ...
There are 10 more TTP items available. Please use our online service to access the data.
## IOA - Indicator of Attack
These _indicators of attack_ (IOA) list the potential fragments used for technical activities like reconnaissance, exploitation, privilege escalation, and exfiltration by Gamaredon. This data is unique as it uses our predictive model for actor profiling.
ID | Type | Indicator | Confidence
-- | ---- | --------- | ----------
1 | File | `/objects/getImageMP4.php` | High
2 | File | `/payu/icpcheckout/` | High
3 | File | `/uncpath/` | Medium
4 | File | `admin.php` | Medium
5 | File | `asn1fix_retrieve.c` | High
6 | File | `bigsam_guestbook.php` | High
7 | File | `books.php` | Medium
8 | ... | ... | ...
There are 53 more IOA items available (file, library, argument, input value, pattern, network port). Please use our online service to access the data.
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## References
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The following list contains _external sources_ which discuss the actor and the associated activities:
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* https://1275.ru/ioc/215/gamaredon-apt-iocs/
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* https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/gamaredon-apt-group-use-covid-19-lure-in-campaigns/
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* https://cert.gov.ua/article/10702
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* https://github.com/blackorbird/APT_REPORT/blob/master/Gamaredon/Gamaredon202102_ioc1000%2B.csv
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* https://github.com/pan-unit42/iocs/blob/master/Gamaredon/Gamaredon_IoCs_JAN2022.txt
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* https://github.com/SentineLabs/Gamaredon-APT/blob/master/2020-02-04-gamaredon-blog-iocs-vk.misp.csv
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* https://github.com/stamparm/maltrail/blob/2d0339af3523b230d8e9a08efd22af032ec7a18e/trails/static/malware/apt_gamaredon.txt
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* https://pastebin.com/Vhb4KF5L
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* https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/shuckworm-gamaredon-espionage-ukraine
* https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/gamaredon-primitive-bear-ukraine-update-2021/
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* https://www.fortinet.com/jp/blog/threat-research/gamaredon-group-ttp-profile-analysis
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## Literature
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The following _articles_ explain our unique predictive cyber threat intelligence:
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* [VulDB Cyber Threat Intelligence Documentation](https://vuldb.com/?kb.cti)
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* [Cyber Threat Intelligence - Early Anticipation of Attacks](https://www.scip.ch/en/?labs.20201022)
## License
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(c) [1997-2022](https://vuldb.com/?kb.changelog) by [vuldb.com](https://vuldb.com/?kb.about). All data on this page is shared under the license [CC BY-NC-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/). Questions? Check the [FAQ](https://vuldb.com/?kb.faq), read the [documentation](https://vuldb.com/?kb) or [contact us](https://vuldb.com/?contact)!
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