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16 KiB
16 KiB
Cobalt Strike - Cyber Threat Intelligence
These indicators were reported, collected, and generated during the VulDB CTI analysis of the actor known as Cobalt Strike. The activity monitoring correlates data from social media, forums, chat rooms, and darknet markets. It helps to determine associated actors, specific activities, expected intentions, emerging research, and ongoing attacks. Our unique predictive model uses big data to forecast activities and their characteristics.
Live data and more analysis capabilities are available at https://vuldb.com/?actor.cobalt_strike
Countries
These countries are directly (e.g. origin of attacks) or indirectly (e.g. access by proxy) associated with Cobalt Strike:
There are 20 more country items available. Please use our online service to access the data.
IOC - Indicator of Compromise
These indicators of compromise (IOC) indicate associated network resources which are known to be part of research and attack activities of Cobalt Strike.
| ID | IP address | Hostname | Campaign | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1.15.80.102 | - | - | High |
| 2 | 3.64.76.72 | ec2-3-64-76-72.eu-central-1.compute.amazonaws.com | - | Medium |
| 3 | 5.199.173.152 | - | - | High |
| 4 | 5.199.174.219 | - | - | High |
| 5 | 5.252.177.199 | 5-252-177-199.mivocloud.com | - | High |
| 6 | 5.254.64.234 | - | - | High |
| 7 | 5.254.112.226 | - | - | High |
| 8 | 5.255.98.144 | - | - | High |
| 9 | 14.229.140.66 | static.vnpt.vn | - | High |
| 10 | 23.19.227.147 | - | - | High |
| 11 | 23.81.246.32 | - | - | High |
| 12 | 23.81.246.187 | - | - | High |
| 13 | 23.82.19.208 | - | - | High |
| 14 | 23.82.140.91 | - | - | High |
| 15 | 23.82.140.133 | - | - | High |
| 16 | 23.82.141.184 | - | - | High |
| 17 | 23.83.133.1 | v327.er01.dal.ubiquity.io | - | High |
| 18 | 23.83.133.182 | - | - | High |
| 19 | 23.83.133.216 | - | - | High |
| 20 | 23.83.134.110 | - | - | High |
| 21 | 23.83.134.136 | - | - | High |
| 22 | 23.106.160.39 | - | - | High |
| 23 | 23.106.160.120 | - | - | High |
| 24 | 23.106.160.188 | - | - | High |
| 25 | 23.108.57.13 | - | - | High |
| 26 | 23.108.57.39 | - | - | High |
| 27 | 23.108.57.108 | - | - | High |
| 28 | 23.160.193.55 | unknown.ip-xfer.net | - | High |
| 29 | 23.227.194.86 | 23-227-194-86.static.hvvc.us | - | High |
| 30 | 23.227.198.217 | 23-227-198-217.static.hvvc.us | - | High |
| 31 | 23.227.199.10 | 23-227-199-10.static.hvvc.us | - | High |
| 32 | 23.229.36.43 | bet5jn-day-43.bettertisholiday.com | - | High |
| 33 | 23.236.77.94 | - | - | High |
| 34 | 23.236.174.190 | - | - | High |
| 35 | 23.254.202.59 | client-23-254-202-59.hostwindsdns.com | - | High |
| 36 | 28.11.143.222 | - | - | High |
| 37 | 37.0.8.252 | - | - | High |
| 38 | 37.72.174.9 | emailmail.org.uk | - | High |
| 39 | 37.120.198.225 | - | - | High |
| 40 | 39.104.90.45 | - | - | High |
| 41 | 39.109.5.135 | - | - | High |
| 42 | 43.154.175.230 | - | - | High |
| 43 | 43.250.200.106 | - | - | High |
| 44 | 43.250.201.71 | - | - | High |
| 45 | 45.9.248.74 | te-4-3-177.pe2.man4.uk.m247.com | - | High |
| 46 | 45.11.19.224 | - | - | High |
| 47 | 45.15.131.96 | - | - | High |
| 48 | 45.66.158.14 | 14.158-66-45.rdns.scalabledns.com | - | High |
| 49 | 45.84.0.116 | n5336.md | - | High |
| 50 | 45.134.26.174 | - | - | High |
| 51 | 45.140.146.30 | vm582590.stark-industries.solutions | - | High |
| 52 | ... | ... | ... | ... |
There are 205 more IOC items available. Please use our online service to access the data.
TTP - Tactics, Techniques, Procedures
Tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) summarize the suspected MITRE ATT&CK techniques used by Cobalt Strike. This data is unique as it uses our predictive model for actor profiling.
| ID | Technique | Weakness | Description | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | T1006 | CWE-21, CWE-22, CWE-23, CWE-24, CWE-28, CWE-35 | Pathname Traversal | High |
| 2 | T1040 | CWE-319 | Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay | High |
| 3 | T1055 | CWE-74 | Injection | High |
| 4 | T1059 | CWE-88, CWE-94, CWE-1321 | Cross Site Scripting | High |
| 5 | T1059.007 | CWE-79, CWE-80 | Cross Site Scripting | High |
| 6 | T1068 | CWE-264, CWE-269, CWE-284 | Execution with Unnecessary Privileges | High |
| 7 | ... | ... | ... | ... |
There are 22 more TTP items available. Please use our online service to access the data.
IOA - Indicator of Attack
These indicators of attack (IOA) list the potential fragments used for technical activities like reconnaissance, exploitation, privilege escalation, and exfiltration by Cobalt Strike. This data is unique as it uses our predictive model for actor profiling.
| ID | Type | Indicator | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File | .github/workflows/combine-prs.yml |
High |
| 2 | File | /admin/api/admin/articles/ |
High |
| 3 | File | /admin/api/theme-edit/ |
High |
| 4 | File | /Api/ASF |
Medium |
| 5 | File | /api/browserextension/UpdatePassword/ |
High |
| 6 | File | /api2/html/ |
Medium |
| 7 | File | /cgi-bin/api-get_line_status |
High |
| 8 | File | /cgi-bin/luci |
High |
| 9 | File | /cgi-bin/nobody/VerifyCode.cgi |
High |
| 10 | File | /cgi-bin/upload_vpntar |
High |
| 11 | File | /cgi-bin/wlogin.cgi |
High |
| 12 | File | /cms/notify |
Medium |
| 13 | File | /Content/Template/root/reverse-shell.aspx |
High |
| 14 | File | /ctcprotocol/Protocol |
High |
| 15 | File | /Default/Bd |
Medium |
| 16 | File | /etc/passwd |
Medium |
| 17 | File | /event/admin/?page=user/list |
High |
| 18 | File | /export |
Low |
| 19 | File | /forum/away.php |
High |
| 20 | File | /goform/WifiBasicSet |
High |
| 21 | File | /h/calendar |
Medium |
| 22 | File | /hrm/controller/employee.php |
High |
| 23 | File | /hrm/employeeadd.php |
High |
| 24 | File | /hrm/employeeview.php |
High |
| 25 | File | /hss/admin/?page=client/manage_client |
High |
| 26 | File | /hss/admin/?page=products/manage_product |
High |
| 27 | File | /jsoa/hntdCustomDesktopActionContent |
High |
| 28 | File | /login/index.php |
High |
| 29 | File | /menu.html |
Medium |
| 30 | File | /obs/book.php |
High |
| 31 | File | /pages/processlogin.php |
High |
| 32 | File | /product/savenewproduct.php?flag=1 |
High |
| 33 | File | /proxy |
Low |
| 34 | File | /reports/rwservlet |
High |
| 35 | File | /services/view_service.php |
High |
| 36 | File | /tmp/boa-temp |
High |
| 37 | File | /tpts/manage_user.php |
High |
| 38 | File | /uncpath/ |
Medium |
| 39 | File | /vendor/htmlawed/htmlawed/htmLawedTest.php |
High |
| 40 | File | /view-property.php |
High |
| 41 | File | /zhndnsdisplay.cmd |
High |
| 42 | File | actionphp/download.File.php |
High |
| 43 | File | adclick.php |
Medium |
| 44 | File | addentry.php |
Medium |
| 45 | File | addrtoname.c |
Medium |
| 46 | ... | ... | ... |
There are 399 more IOA items available (file, library, argument, input value, pattern, network port). Please use our online service to access the data.
References
The following list contains external sources which discuss the actor and the associated activities:
- https://1275.ru/ioc/321/cobalt-strike-iocs/
- https://1275.ru/ioc/359/cobalt-strike-beacon-iocs-2/
- https://asec.ahnlab.com/en/20130/
- https://asec.ahnlab.com/en/27646/
- https://asec.ahnlab.com/en/36159/
- https://asec.ahnlab.com/en/39152/
- https://blog.cyble.com/2022/05/20/malware-campaign-targets-infosec-community-threat-actor-uses-fake-proof-of-concept-to-deliver-cobalt-strike-beacon/
- https://blog.fox-it.com/2021/01/12/abusing-cloud-services-to-fly-under-the-radar/
- https://blog.fox-it.com/2022/04/29/adventures-in-the-land-of-bumblebee/
- https://blog.morphisec.com/log4j-exploit-targets-vulnerable-unifi-network-applications
- https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2020/06/indigodrop-maldocs-cobalt-strike.html
- https://blogs.infoblox.com/cyber-threat-intelligence/nobelium-campaigns-and-malware/
- https://cert.gov.ua/article/37704
- https://cert.gov.ua/article/39708
- https://cert.gov.ua/article/40559
- https://cert.gov.ua/article/703548
- https://community.blueliv.com/#!/s/62ea177182df417ed033152e
- https://community.blueliv.com/#!/s/62454e1682df417ed0330b8b
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-08-17%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-08-18%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-08-26%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-08-31%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-09-02%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-09-08%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-09-09%20Hancitor%20IOCd
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-09-13%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-09-14%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-09-15%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-09-16%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-09-22%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-09-23%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-09-29%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-10-07%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-10-19%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-10-27%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-11-03%20Hancitor%20IOC
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-11-10%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-11-23%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-11-30%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-12-01%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://github.com/executemalware/Malware-IOCs/blob/main/2021-12-15%20Hancitor%20IOCs
- https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Google+ads+lead+to+fake+software+pages+pushing+IcedID+Bokbot/29344
- https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/April+2021+Forensic+Quiz+Answers+and+Analysis/27308/
- https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/Attackers+Exploiting+WebLogic+Servers+via+CVE202014882+to+install+Cobalt+Strike/26752/
- https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/Case+Study+Cobalt+Strike+Server+Lives+on+After+Its+Domain+Is+Suspended/28804/
- https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/Emotet+infection+with+Cobalt+Strike/28824/
- https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/Example+of+Cobalt+Strike+from+Emotet+infection/28318/
- https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/Excel+spreadsheets+push+SystemBC+malware/27060/
- https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/June+2021+Forensic+Contest+Answers+and+Analysis/27582/
- https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/Qakbot+infection+with+Cobalt+Strike+and+VNC+activity/28448/
- https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/Qakbot+infection+with+Cobalt+Strike/27158/
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Cisco-Talos/IOCs/main/2022/09/new-campaign-uses-government-union.txt
- https://research.checkpoint.com/2019/cobalt-group-returns-to-kazakhstan/
- https://research.nccgroup.com/2022/06/06/shining-the-light-on-black-basta/
- https://securelist.com/owowa-credential-stealer-and-remote-access/105219/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2021/01/11/trickbot-still-alive-and-well/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2021/05/02/trickbot-brief-creds-and-beacons/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2021/05/12/conti-ransomware/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2021/06/20/from-word-to-lateral-movement-in-1-hour/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2021/08/01/bazarcall-to-conti-ransomware-via-trickbot-and-cobalt-strike/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2021/08/16/trickbot-leads-up-to-fake-1password-installation/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2021/10/18/icedid-to-xinglocker-ransomware-in-24-hours/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2021/11/29/continuing-the-bazar-ransomware-story/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2021/12/13/diavol-ransomware/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2022/02/21/qbot-and-zerologon-lead-to-full-domain-compromise/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2022/05/09/seo-poisoning-a-gootloader-story/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2022/08/08/bumblebee-roasts-its-way-to-domain-admin/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2022/11/28/emotet-strikes-again-lnk-file-leads-to-domain-wide-ransomware/
- https://thedfirreport.com/2023/01/09/unwrapping-ursnifs-gifts/
- https://twitter.com/malware_traffic/status/1400876426497253379
- https://twitter.com/malware_traffic/status/1415740795622248452
- https://twitter.com/malware_traffic/status/1592262598195646464
- https://twitter.com/TheDFIRReport/status/1508451341844168706
- https://twitter.com/Unit42_Intel/status/1392174941181812737
- https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa21-148a
- https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-228a
- https://www.malware-traffic-analysis.net/2022/06/07/index2.html
- https://www.trendmicro.com/de_de/research/22/e/patch-your-wso2-cve-2022-29464-exploited-to-install-linux-compatible-cobalt-strike-beacons-other-malware.html
- https://www.trendmicro.com/de_de/research/22/i/play-ransomware-s-attack-playbook-unmasks-it-as-another-hive-aff.html
- https://www.welivesecurity.com/2021/03/10/exchange-servers-under-siege-10-apt-groups/
Literature
The following articles explain our unique predictive cyber threat intelligence:
- VulDB Cyber Threat Intelligence Documentation
- Cyber Threat Intelligence - Early Anticipation of Attacks
License
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